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Final de Alfil contra Caballo
Hasta ahora hemos examinado posiciones con una ventaja material (un peón extra con alfil contra caballo, o un peón extra con caballo contra alfil). Ahora pondremos atención a la realización de una ventaja posicional.
Meduna, Eduard - Rodriguez
1980
A primera vista aquí es difícil de hablar de alguna ventaja posicional. Pero en posiciones abiertas
un alfil es más fuerte que un caballo. El plan del negro es crear y fijar debilidades en los peones
blancos, restringir la movilidad del caballo, y crear casillas de invasión en la posición del oponente. 1...e4!2.b3♝e53.h3♚f74.♞e2♚f65.f3si
el peón e es dejado en paz, el negro jugará ...f4 seguido de ...Rf5, ...e3 y ...Re4. 5...exf36.gxf3♝d67.♚f2♝c5+8.♚f1♚e59.♚e1♝b4+10.♚f1
[si10.♚d1el
negro irrumpe hacia el peón h3 vía e5-f6-g5-h4 10...♚f6]
10...♝d2!Una fuerte jugada que
restringe severamente la movilidad del caballo. 11.♞g3Cualquier
jugada de rey hubiese sido contestada con 11..f4, cuando al caballo no le quedarían casillas.
19.a4b620.♞e8♝b821.a5De otra manera el caballo está
atravado. 21...bxa522.♚c5h6!El blanco está en zuzwang. El no
puede simultáneamente tanto salvar su caballo, como evitar que el negro se acerque al peón f3. 23.♚b6
[23.♞g7hubiera sido contestado
con 23...♚f6seguido
de ...Rg5-h4]
Esta posición es de una naturaleza cerrada. El alfil esta restringido por sus propios peones,
y así el caballo se vuelve el amo de la posición. El plan del negro es típico: él debe crear debilidades
en los peones blancos, cambiar damas, y luego, explotando la falta de movilidad del alfil, obtener una
ventaja material. 1...g6!2.hxg6fxg63.a3a54.b3h55.♛e4♞f56.♝f2♛d77.a4♚c78.♚c2Qxb3